Read the full scientific article here
Download supplementary information Pdf, 425.1 kB.
Read Nature feature article and special Planetary Boundaries section
Other publications on the boundaries concept:
Rockström, J., Karlberg, L., 2010. The Quadruple Squeeze: Defining the safe operating space for freshwater use to achieve a triply green revolution in the Anthropocene. Ambio 39:257-265
Foley, J.A., Ramankutty, N., Brauman, K. A., Rockström, J. et al. (2011) Solutions for a cultivated planet. Nature 478 337-342.
Cornell, S. 2012. On the system properties of the planetary boundaries. Ecology and Society 17(1): r2. www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol17/iss1/resp2
Carpenter, S. and Bennett, E. 2011. Reconsideration of the planetary boundary for phosphorus. Environmental Research Letters 6 (2011) 014009.
Ingram, J. 2011. A food systems approach to researching food security and its interactions with global environmental change. Food Security (2011) 3:417—431
Erb, K-H., Haberl, H., DeFries, R., Ellis, E., Krausmann, F., Verburg, P.H. 2012. Pushing the Planetary Boundaries. cience 14 December 2012: 1419-1420. [DOI:10.1126/science.338.6113.1419-d]
On governance within planetary boundaries:
Folke, C. and Rockström, J. (2011) 3rd Nobel Laureate Symposium on Global Sustainability: transforming the world in an era of global change. Ambio 40 717-718
Galaz, V. et.al. Planetary boundaries — exploring the challenges for global environmental governance. Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain (2012), doi: 10.1016/j.cosust.2012.01.006
On characterizing the Anthropocene:
Steffen, W., Persson, A., Deutsch, L., Rockström, J. et al. (2011) The Anthropocene: from global change to planetary boundaries. Ambio 40 739-761.
Folke, C., Jansson, A., Rockström, J. et al. (2011) Reconnecting to the biosphere. Ambio 40 719-738
General news | 2025-04-16
Introducing the Society for Social-Ecological Systems: Uniting researchers for a just and sustainable future.
General news | 2025-04-04
Investments play a crucial role in how deforestation and the destruction of nature can be reversed. "By far the biggest challenge is that humans continue to invest far more in sectors and activities that destroy nature, than in activities that can revert that destruction," says Carlos Manuel Rodríguez, the pioneer behind Costa Rica’s remarkable sustainability transition.
General news | 2025-03-25
The message from the world leading sustainability researcher and co-founder of Stockholm Resilience Centre, is clear: there is but one planet that provides the foundations for life in the known universe, we humans need to take better care of it.
General news | 2025-03-20
As Stockholm University open their doors to welcome new students from across the world, Centre science director Beatrice Crona shares the importance of studying how business can be done within planetary boundaries.
General news | 2025-03-12
As climate change threatens the future of winter sports, the Nordic Sustainability Arena brought together athletes, scientists, business leaders, and politicians in Åre to push for urgent action and inspire sustainable transition.
General news | 2025-03-07
Academic institutions across Europe urge national governments and international institutions in the U.S., Europe and beyond to remain vigilant and strengthen ongoing efforts to safeguard academic freedom and the autonomy of scientific institutions.