Useful reading
Here you will find a list of key articles and books within the field of resilience thinking.
Adger, W. N. (2003) Social capital, collective action and adaptation to climate change. Economic Geography 79, 387-404.

Anderies, J. M., M. A. Janssen and E. Ostrom (2004). "A framework to analyze the robustness of social-ecological systems from an institutional perspective." Ecology and Society 9(1): 18

Arrow, K. P. Dasgupta, L. Goulder, and K.-G Mäler. et al. 2004. Are we consuming too much? Journal of Economic Perspectives 18:147-172.

Barthel, S., Colding, J., Elmquist, T., Folke, C., 2005 History and Local Management of Biodiversity-rich, Urban, Cultural landscapes. Ecology and Society 105(2), 10

Barthel, S. 2006. Sustaining urban ecosystem services with local stewards participation in Stockholm (Sweden). In Tress, B.; Tres, G.; Fry, G.; Opdam, P. (Eds.) 2005. From Landscape Research to Landscape Planning, Aspects of Integration, Education and Application. Wageningen UR Frontis Series, Vol. 12. (pdf)

Bellwood, D., Hughes, T., Folke C. and M. Nyström. 2004. Confronting the coral reef crisis. Nature 429:827-833.

Bengtsson, J., Angelstam, P., Elmqvist, T., Emanuelsson, U., Folke, C., Ihse, M., Moberg, F., Nyström, M. 2003. Reserves, resilience and dynamic landscapes. Ambio 32: 389-396.

Berkes, F., Hughes, T.P., Steneck, R.S., Wilson, J., Bellwood, D.R., Crona, B., Folke, C., Gunderson, L.H., Leslie, H.M., Norberg, J., Nyström, M., Olsson, P., Österblom, H., Scheffer, M., and B. Worm. 2006. Globalization, roving bandits and marine resources. Science 311:1557-1558.

Berkes, F., J. Colding, and C. Folke. 2000. Rediscovery of traditional ecological knowledge as adaptive management. Ecological Applications 10:1251-1262.
Bodin, Ö., Norberg, J. 2005. Information network topologies for enhanced local adaptive management. Environmental Management 35, 175—93.

Bodin, Ö., Tengö, M., Norman, A., Lundberg, J., and Elmqvist, T. 2006. The value of small size: loss of forest patches and threshold effects on ecosystem services in southern Madagascar. Ecological Applications 16:440-451.

Brock, W.A., 2006. Tipping points, abrupt opinion changes, and punctuated policy change. In: Repetto, R. (Ed.), By Fits and Starts: A Punctuated Equilibrium Approach to Policy Change. Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, in press.

Brown, K., 2003. Integrating conservation and development: a case of institutional misfit. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1, 479-487.

Carlsson, L. and Berkes, F. 2005. Co-management: concepts and methodological implications. Journal of Environmental Management 75: 65-76.

Carpenter, S. R., and W. A. Brock. 2006. Rising variance: a leading indicator of ecological transition. Ecology Letters 9: 311-318.

Carpenter, S., Walker, B., Anderies, J. and N. Abel. N 2001. From Metaphor to Measurement: Resilience of What to What? Ecosystems 4 (8):765 — 781.

Chapin III, F.S., Peterson, G.D., Berkes, F., Callaghan, T.V., Angelstam, P., Apps, M., Beier, C., Bergeron, Y., Crepin, A.-S., Elmqvist, T., Folke, C., Forbes, B., Fresco, N., Juday, G., Niemelä, J., Shvidenko, A., Whiteman, G., 2004. Resilience and vulnerability of northern regions to social and environmental change. Ambio 33, 344-349.

Chapin, F.S. III, M. Hoel, S.R. Carpenter, J. Lubchenco, B. Walker, T.V. Callaghan, C. Folke, S. Levin, K.-G. Mäler, C. Nilsson, S. Barrett, F. Berkes, A.-S. Crépin, K. Danell, T. Rosswall, D. Starrett, T. Xepapadeas and S.A. Zimov. 2006. Building Resilience and Adaptation to Manage Arctic Change. Ambio 35:198-202

Colding J. 2007. Ecological land-use complementation for building resilience in urban ecosystems. Landscape and Urban Planning.

Colding, J., J. Lundberg and C. Folke. 2006. Incorporating Green-area User Groups in Urban Ecosystem Management. Ambio 35:237-244

Colding, J. 2007. Ecological Land-use Complementation for Building Resilience in Urban Ecosystems. Landscape and Urban Planning 81: 46-55.

Costanza, R., Waigner, L., Folke C., and Mäler, K.-G. 1993. Modeling complex ecological economic systems: toward an evolutionary dynamic understanding of people and nature. BioScience 43:545-555.

Crona, B. 2006. Supporting and enhancing development of heterogeneous ecological knowledge among resource users in a Kenyan seascape. Ecology and Society 11(1): 32

Crona, B., and Ö. Bodin 2006. What you know is who you know? Communication patterns among resource users as a prerequisite for co-management.

Danter, K.J., Griest, D.L., Mullins, G.W., Norland, E., 2000. Organizational change as a component of ecosystem management. Society and Natural Resource 13, 537-547.

Dasgupta, P., Mäler, K.-G. (Eds.), 2003. The economics of non-convex ecosystems. Environmental and Resource Economics 26(4), December

De la Torre-Castro, M. 2006. Beyond regulations in fisheries management: the dilemmas of the “beach recorders" Bwana Dikos in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Ecology and Society 11(2): 35

Deutsch, L., S. Gräslund, C. Folke, M. Huitric, N. Kautsky, M. Troell and L. Lebel. 2007. Feeding Aquaculture Growth through Globalization; Exploitation of Marine Ecosystems for Fishmeal. Global Environmental Change 17:238-249.

Dietz, T., Ostrom, E., Stern, P., 2003. The struggle to govern the commons. Science 302, 1907-1912.

Elmqvist, T., Folke, C., Nyström, M., Peterson, G., Bengtsson, J., Walker B. and J. Norberg. 2003. Response diversity and ecosystem resilience. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1:488-494.

Elmqvist T., M. Pyykönen, M. Tengö, F. Rakotondrasoa, E. Rabakonandrianina et al. 2007. Patterns of Loss and Regeneration of Tropical Dry Forest in Madagascar: The Social Institutional Context. PLoS ONE 2(5): e402.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000402

Enfors, E. and L.J. Gordon. 2007. Analysing Resilience in Dryland Agro-ecosystems: A case study of the Makanya catchment in Tanzania over the past 50 years. Land Degradation and Development.

Fabricius C., C. Folke, G. Cundill and L. Schultz. 2007.Powerless Spectators, Coping Actors, and Adaptive Co-Managers? A Synthesis of the Role of Communities in Ecosystem Management. E

Falkenmark, M. and C. Folke eds. 2003. Freshwater and welfare fragility: syndromes, vulnerabilities and challenges. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London. Biological Sciences 358: 1917-2062.

Rockström, J., Falkenmark, M. and Lannerstad M. in press. Assessing the water challenge of a new green revolution in developing countries. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on line.

Folke, C. (2006). "Resilience: The emergence of a perspective for social-ecological systems analyses." Global Environmental Change 16: 253-267

Folke, C., Carpenter S.R., Walker, B., Scheffer, M., Elmqvist, T., Gunderson, L. and C.S. Holling. 2004. Regime shifts, resilience and biodiversity in ecosystem management. Annual Review in Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 35: 557-581.

Folke, C., Hahn, T., Olsson, P., Norberg, J., 2005. Adaptive governance of social-ecological systems. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30, 441-473.

Folke, C., L. Pritchard, F. Berkes, J. Colding and U. Svedin. 2007. The Problem of Fit Between Ecosystems and Institutions: Ten Years Later. Ecology and Society 12(1): 30.

Galaz, V., 2005. Social-ecological resilience and social conflict: institutions and strategic adaptation in Swedish water management. Ambio 34, 567-572.

Galaz, V., T. Hahn, P. Olsson, C. Folke and U. Svedin. The Problem of Fit between Ecosystems and Governance Systems: Insights and Emerging Challenges. In: Young, O., L.A. King and H. Schroeder (editors). The Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change: Principal Findings and Future Directions, MIT Press, Boston.

Gordon, L., Dunlop, M. and B. Foran. 2003. Land cover change and water vapour flows: Learning from Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society: B 3481440:1973-1984.

Gordon, L., W. Steffen, B. Jönsson, C. Folke, M. Falkenmark and Å. Johannessen. 2005. Human Modification of Global Water Vapor Flows from the Land Surface. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences, USA 102:7612-7617

Gunderson, L.H., 2001. Managing surprising ecosystems in southern Florida. Ecological Economics 37, 371-378.

Gunderson, L.H., Holling, C.S. (Eds.), 2002. Panarchy: Understanding Transformations in Human and Natural Systems. Island Press, Washington DC.

Gunderson, L.H., Holling, C.S., Light, S.S., (Eds.), 1995. Barriers and Bridges to the Renewal of Ecosystems and Institutions. Columbia University Press, New York, NY.

Gunderson, L. and C. Folke. 2007. Looking Forward, Looking Back. Ecology and Society 12(1): 32. Ecology and Society 12(1): 32.

Hahn, T., P. Olsson, C. Folke and K. Johansson. 2006. Trust Building, Knowledge Generation and Organizational Innovations: The Role of a Bridging Organization for Adaptive Co-Management of a Wetland Landscape around Kristianstad, Sweden. Human Ecology 34:573—592.

Holling, C. S. and G. K. Meffe. 1996. Command and control and the pathology of natural resource

Holling, C.S. 1986. The resilience of terrestrial ecosystems: local surprise and global change. In: Clark, W.C., Munn, R.E. (Eds.), Sustainable Development of the Biosphere. Cambridge University Press, London, pp. 292-317.

Holling, C.S., 1973. Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 4, 1-23.

Holling, C.S., 1996. Engineering resilience versus ecological resilience. In: Schulze, P. (Ed.), Engineering within ecological constraints. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., pp. 31-44.

Hughes, T., Bellwood, D., Folke, C., Steneck, R. and J. Wilson. 2005. New paradigms for supporting the resilience of marine ecosystems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20: 380-386.

Huitric, M., 2005. Lobster and conch fisheries of Belize: a history of sequential exploitation. Ecology and Society 10(1), 21

Janssen, M. A., J. M. Anderies and E. Ostrom (in press). "Robustness of social-ecological systems to spatial and temporal disturbance regimes." Society of Natural Resources

Janssen, M. A., M. L. Schoon, W. Ke and K. Börner (2006). "Scholarly networks on resilience, vulnerability and adaptation within the human dimensions of global environmental change." Global Environmental Change 16: 240-252

Janssen, M.A., Kohler, T.A., Scheffer, M., 2003. Sunk-cost effects and vulnerability to collapse in ancient societies. Current Anthropology 44, 722-728.

Kinzig, A., Starrett, D., Arrow, K., Bolin, B., Dasgupta, P., Ehrlich, P., Folke, C. Hanemann, M., Heal, M., Hoel, M., Jansson, B.-O., Jansson, A.M. Kautsky, N., Levin, S., Lubchenco, J., Mäler, K.-G., Pacala, S., Schneider, S., Siniscalco, D. and B. Walker. 2003. Coping with uncertainty: a call for a new sciencepolicy forum. Ambio 32:330-335.

Kinzig, A.P., Ryan, P., Etienne, M., Elmqvist, T., Allison, H.E., Walker, B.H., 2006. Resilience and regime shifts: assessing cascading effects. Ecology and Society in press.

Klein, R. J. T., R. J. Nicholls and F. Thomalla (2003). "Resilience to natural hazards: How useful is this concept?" Environmental Hazards 5: 35-45

Lebel, L., J. M. Anderies, B. Campbell, C. Folke, S. Hatfield-Dodds, T. P. Hughes and J. Wilson (2006). "Governance and the capacity to manage resilience in regional social-ecological systems." Ecology and Society 11(1)9

Ludwig, D., Mangel, M., Haddad, B., 2001. Ecology, conservation, and public policy. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 32, 481-517.

Ludwig, D., Walker, B.H., Holling, C.S., 1997. Sustainability, stability, and resilience. Conservation Ecology 1(1),7

Nyström, M., Folke, C. and F. Moberg . 2000. Coral reef disturbance and resilience in a human dominated environment. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 15: 413-417.

Olsson, P., Folke, C. and F. Berkes. 2004a. Adaptive Co-Management for Building Resilience in Social-Ecological Systems. Environmental Management 34:75-90.

Olsson, P., L.H. Gunderson, S.R. Carpenter, P. Ryan, L. Lebel, C. Folke and C.S. Holling. 2006. Shooting the rapids: navigating transitions to adaptive governance of social-ecological systems. Ecology and Society 11(1): 18

Olsson, P., C. Folke, V. Galaz, T. Hahn and L. Schultz. 2007. Enhancing the Fit through Adaptive Comanagement: Creating and Maintaining Bridging Functions for Matching Scales in the Kristianstads Vattenrike Biosphere Reserve Sweden. Ecology and Society 12(1): 28. Ecology and Society 12(1): 28.

Ostrom E, Burger J, Field CB, Norgaard RB, Policansky D. 1999. Sustainability - revisiting the commons: local lessons, global challenges. Science 284:278-82

Ostrom, E. 1998. "A Behavioral Approach to the Rational Choice Theory of Collective Action", American Political Science Review 921: 1-22.

Peterson, G. D., Carpenter, S.R. and W.A. Brock. 2003. Uncertainty and management of multistate ecosystems: an apparently rational route to collapse. Ecology 84:1403-11.

Peterson, G.D., Allen, C.R., Holling, C.S., 1998. Ecological resilience, biodiversity, and scale. Ecosystems 1, 6-18.

Rockström, J., M. Lannerstad and M. Falkenmark. 2007. Assessing the Water Challenge of a New Green Revolution in Developing Countries. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104: 6253-6260.

Scheffer, M., Carpenter, S.R., Foley, J.A., Folke, C., Walker, B.H., 2001. Catastrophic shifts in ecosystems. Nature 413, 591-596.

Tengö Troell, M., Pihl, L., Rönnbäck, P., Wennhage, H., Söderqvist, T. and N. Kautsky. 2005. Regime shifts and ecosystem service generation in Swedish coastal soft bottom habitats: when resilience is undesirable. Ecology and Society 10(1): 30

Walker, B., Gunderson, L., Kinzig, A., Folke, C., Carpenter S. and L. Schultz 2006. A Handful of Heuristics and Some Propositions for Understanding Resilience in Social-Ecological Systems. Ecology and Society 11 (1): 13

Walker, B.H., Meyers, J.A., 2004. Thresholds in ecological and social—ecological systems: a developing database. Ecology and Society 9(2), 3

Walters C. 1997. Challenges in adaptive management of riparian and coastal ecosystems. Conservation Ecology 12:1. [online]

Wilson JA, Low B., Costanza R., Ostrom E. 1999. Scale misperceptions and the spatial dynamics of a social-ecological system. Ecological Economics 31:243-257.

Wilson, J. A. 2006. Matching Social and Ecological Systems in Complex Ocean Fisheries. Ecology and Society. In press

Forthcoming articles Chapin, F.S. III, K. Danell, T. Elmqvist, C. Folke, and N. Fresco. In press. Managing Climate Change Impacts to Enhance Resilience and Sustainability of Scandinavian Forests. Ambio

Hughes T.P., L. Gunderson, C. Folke, A. Baird, D. Bellwood, F. Berkes, B. Crona, A. Helfgott, H. Leslie, J. Norberg, M. Nystrom, P. Olsson, H. Österbloom, M. Scheffer, H. Schuttenberg, R.S. Steneck, M. Tengö, M. Troell, B. Walker, J. Wilson, B. Worm. In Press. Adaptive Management of the Great Barrier Reef and the Grand Canyon World Heritage Areas. Ambio

Jansson, Å and Colding, J. In press. Tradeoffs between Environmental Goals and Urban Development: The case of nitrogen load from the Stockholm County to the Baltic Sea. Ambio.

Liu, J., T. Dietz, S.R. Carpenter, C. Folke, M. Alberti, C.L. Redman, S.H. Schneider, E. Ostrom, A.N. Pell, J. Lubchenco, W.W. Taylor, Z. Ouyang, P. Deadman, T. Kratz and W. Provencher. In press. Coupled Human and Natural Systems. Ambio

Lundholm C. and M. Rickinson. In press. Exploring Students´ Learning Challenges in Environmental Education. Cambridge Journal of Education.

Lundholm, C. In press. Pricing Nature at What Price? A study on undergraduate students´ conceptions of economics. South African Journal of Environmental Education.

Schultz, L., C. Folke and P. Olsson. Enhancing Ecosystem Management through Social-Ecological Inventories: Lessons from Kristianstads Vattenrike, Sweden. In press. Environmental Conservation

Tengö, M., K. Johansson, F. Rakotondrasoa, J. Lundberg, J.-A. Andriamaherilala, J.-A. Rakotoarisoa and T. Elmqvist. In press. Taboos and Forest Governance: informal protection of hot spot dry forest in southern Madagascar. Ambio
Worm, B., E.B. Barbier, N. Beaumont, J.E. Duffy, C. Folke, B.S. Halpern. J.B.C. Jackson, H.K. Lotze, F. Micheli, S.R. Palumbi, E. Sala, K.A. Selkoe, J.J. Stachowicz and R. Watson. 2007. Biodiversity Loss in the Ocean: How Bad Is It? Response. Science 316:1282-1284.

Österblom, H., S. Hansson, U. Larsson, O. Hjerne, F. Wulff, R. Elmgren and C. Folke. In press. Human-induced Trophic Cascades and Ecological Regime Shifts in the Baltic Sea. Ecosystems

Sturle Hauge Simonsen
Date: 2008-02-18
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